DU(1) DU(1)
NAME
du - estimate file space usage
SYNOPSIS
du [options] [file...]
POSIX options: [-askx] [--]
GNU options (shortest form): [-abcDhHklLmsSxX]
[--block-size=size] [--exclude=pattern] [--max-depth=n]
[--help] [--version] [--]
DESCRIPTION
du reports the amount of disk space used by the specified
files, and by each directory in the hierarchies rooted at
the specified files. Here `disk space used' means space
used for the entire file hierarchy below the specified
file.
With no arguments, du reports the disk space for the cur-
rent directory.
POSIX DETAILS
The output is in 512-byte units by default, but in
1024-byte units when the -k option is given.
GNU DETAILS
The output is in 1024-byte units (when no units are speci-
fied by options), unless the environment variable
POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, in which case POSIX is followed.
POSIX OPTIONS
-a Show counts for all files encountered, not just
directories.
-k Use 1024-byte units instead of the default 512-byte
units.
-s Only output space usage for the actual arguments
given, not for their subdirectories.
-x Only count space on the same device as the argument
given.
-- Terminate option list.
GNU OPTIONS
-a, --all
Show counts for all files, not just directories.
-b, --bytes
Print sizes in bytes, instead of kilobytes.
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--block-size=size
Print sizes in blocks of size bytes. (New in file-
utils-4.0.)
-c, --total
Print a grand total of all arguments after all
arguments have been processed. This can be used to
find out the total disk usage of a given set of
files or directories.
-D, --dereference-args
Dereference symbolic links that are command line
arguments. Does not affect other symbolic links.
This is helpful for finding out the disk usage of
directories, such as /usr/tmp, which are often sym-
bolic links.
--exclude=pattern
When recursing, skip subdirectories or files match-
ing pattern. The pattern may be any standard
Bourne shell file glob pattern. (New in file-
utils-4.0.)
-h, --human-readable
Append a size letter, such as M for binary
megabytes (`mebibytes'), to each size.
-H, --si
Do the same as for -h, but use the official SI
units (with powers of 1000 instead of 1024, so that
M stands for 1000000 instead of 1048576). (New in
fileutils-4.0.)
-k, --kilobytes
Print sizes in kilobytes.
-l, --count-links
Count the size of all files, even if they have
appeared already (as a hard link).
-L, --dereference
Dereference symbolic links (show the disk space
used by the file or directory that the link points
to instead of the space used by the link).
-m, --megabytes
Print sizes in megabyte (that 1,048,576 bytes)
blocks.
--max-depth=n
Print the total for a directory (or file, with the
-a flag) only if it is n or fewer levels below the
command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
the -s flag. (New in fileutils-4.0.)
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DU(1) DU(1)
-s, --summarize
Display only a total for each argument.
-S, --separate-dirs
Report the size of each directory separately, not
including the sizes of subdirectories.
-x, --one-file-system
Skip directories that are on different filesystems
from the one that the argument being processed is
on.
-X file, --exclude-from=file
Like --exclude, except take the patterns to exclude
from the specified file. Patterns are listed one
per line. If file is given as `-', patterns are
read from standard input. (New in fileutils-4.0.)
GNU STANDARD OPTIONS
--help Print a usage message on standard output and exit
successfully.
--version
Print version information on standard output, then
exit successfully.
-- Terminate option list.
BUGS
On BSD systems, du reports sizes that are half the correct
values for files that are NFS-mounted from HP-UX systems.
On HP-UX systems, it reports sizes that are twice the cor-
rect values for files that are NFS-mounted from BSD sys-
tems. This is due to a flaw in HP-UX; it also affects the
HP-UX du program.
ENVIRONMENT
The variable POSIXLY_CORRECT determines the choice of
unit. If it is not set, and the variable BLOCKSIZE has a
value starting with `HUMAN', then behaviour is as for the
-h option, unless overridden by -k or -m options. The
variables LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LC_MESSAGES have the
usual meaning.
CONFORMING TO
POSIX 1003.2
NOTES
This page describes du as found in the fileutils-4.0 pack-
age; other versions may differ slightly. Mail corrections
and additions to aeb@cwi.nl. Report bugs in the program
to fileutils-bugs@gnu.ai.mit.edu.
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